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The Sinclair Scientific calculator was a 12-function, pocket-sized scientific calculator introduced in 1974, dramatically undercutting in price other calculators available at the time. The Sinclair Scientific Programmable, released a year later, was advertised as the first budget programmable calculator. Significant modifications to the algorithms used meant that a chipset intended for a four-function calculator was able to process scientific functions, but at the cost of reduced speed and accuracy. Compared to contemporary scientific calculators, some functions were slow to execute, and others had limited accuracy or gave the wrong answer, but the cost of the Sinclair was a fraction of the cost of competing calculators. ==History== In 1972, Hewlett-Packard launched the HP-35, the world's first handheld scientific calculator.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hewlett Packard HP-35 )〕 Despite market research suggesting that it was too expensive for there to be any real demand, production went ahead.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=HP-35 handheld scientific calculator, 1972 )〕 It cost (about ), but despite the price, over 300,000 were sold in the three and a half years for which it was produced.〔〔 In 1973, Texas Instruments introduced the TMS0803 chipset, the successor to the TMS0102.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Texas Instruments TMS0803 )〕 The new chip was highly customisable, with a programmable read-only memory, and variations of the 080x appeared in other Sinclair calculators.〔〔 The TMS0805 variation was used in the Sinclair Scientific.〔 Clive Sinclair wanted to design a calculator to compete with the HP-35 using the 080x series of chips, and despite skepticism about the feasibility of the project from Texas Instruments engineers, Nigel Searle was able to design algorithms that sacrificed some speed and accuracy in order to implement scientific functions.〔 The Sinclair Scientific first appeared in a case derived from that of the Sinclair Cambridge, but it was not part of the same range.〔 The initial retail price was in the UK, and in the US for as a kit or fully assembled. By July 1976, however, it was possible to purchase one for .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sinclair Scientific & Sinclair Giant Scientific )〕 The Sinclair Scientific Programmable was introduced in August 1975, and was larger than the Sinclair Scientific, at .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sinclair Scientific Programmable )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sinclair Scientific Programmable )〕 It was advertised as "the first ... calculator to offer a ... programming facility ... at a price within the reach of the general public," but was limited by having only 24 program steps.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sinclair Scientific Programmable )〕 Both the Sinclair Scientific and the Sinclair Scientific Programmable were manufactured in England, like all other Sinclair calculators except the Sinclair President.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=President )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sinclair Scientific」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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